Ukukhokela Kwemoto Yokuphatha Amagqambo - Ukucacisa I-Torque, I-Speed, I-Power kunye ne-Duty Cycle

Ukukhokela Kwemoto Yokuphatha Amagqambo - Ukucacisa I-Torque, I-Speed, I-Power kunye ne-Duty Cycle

Ukukhetha imotolo yezinkulungwane zokugcina ephakade kuyisibonelo sokufunda ukuthi into yokusebenza yakho iyadinga ntoni. Imotolo enenqanawa yokuqala yomkhosi mayelana nokuthi...

Ukubeka imotolo yezinkulungwane zokugcina ephakade kufuneka uchaze izinqulungwane ezine zokusebenza. Lezi ziziqondiso sezinkulungwane zokusebenza nezinkulungwane zokuphatha, isikhundla sokusebenza, i-power yomkhosi, nokuphatha kwe-duty cycle. Kwalesi qondiso, uyabonga lezi zinqulungwane ngokulinganisa ngezinqulungwane zomkhosi zokusebenza nezinqulungwane zokusebenza.

Kubazikhipha bezinto yokusebenza, abasebenzi bokuhlelwa, nabathengisi bokuhlelwa, le ndlela iyinika indlela yokuvikela ukukhetha imotolo engafanelekanga futhi iyenza ukuxoxa nabasolva kubaluleke kangaka.

Le this guide iyachaza into mazwi okufuneka kusakwa, indlela yokubala iinkcukacha eziphambili, kunye nezinto ozokujonga kabefore ukhetha i-permanent magnet synchronous motor, okanye i-PMSM.

1. Zimani iinkcukacha ozifunayo kabefore ukusiza i-permanent magnet motor?

Kabefore ukukhetha imotor, fumana ixesha elilizweyo lezinto ezizakuzisa, indlela enokufuna ngayo iququlelo yezinto zokusebenza, kunye nokuba iintsinga zokusebenza ziyashintsha njani ngexesha. Lezi zinkcukacha zikhombisa iinkcukacha zokusebenza zomotor ngokwempilo.

1.1 Fumana i-type yexesha elilizweyo kunye neentsinga zokusebenza

Ama-equipment akwaziyo konke ayisebenzi ngokufanayo kwi-motor.

I-conveyor incinci isebenza ngokupheleleyo ngokupheleleyo ekusebenzeni kwayo, nakuba ukusuka ngokupheleleyo kungafuneki ukudibanisa i-torque. I-centrifugal fan okanye i-pump incinci isebenza ngokupheleleyo ngokupheleleyo ngokuphambuka kwemvelo. I-equipment esebenza ngokuphinda-phinda ukususa, ukusingqalisa, okanye ukushintsha ixesha elilizweyo inefuneka imotor eyakwazi ukusebenza ngokufanayo nalesi shintsha.

Umbuzo wokuqala ngu-whether ixesha elilizweyo libe liphambili okanye lisishintshane kakhulu ekusebenzeni.

Ukuba i-injini iyasebenza ngendlela engeyisibani esinye, i-torque engeyisibani kwaye i-speed yoku-sebenza yizindlela zokuphinda kwakho. Ukuba umthwalo uyagqitywa ngamaxesha amaninzi, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuthi umthwalo ophakade ungu ntoni, ubude bawo baphakade, kunye nezenzo zokugqitywa.

Le ndlela yokuhlukanisa iyakusiza ukuvavanya ukuba i-rating yoku-sebenza ngokuphakade yomkhili iyakwenzeka okanye ukuba kufuneka ukuba inikeze i-torque epheleleyo.

1.2 Qinisekisa umthwalo kwi-shaft yomkhili

I-torque efunekayo yomthwalo ayiyi-torque efunekayo ngqo yomkhili.

Umzekelo, i-gearbox iyakuphula ispeed ngokuchitha i-torque ekhoyo kwi-output yakhe. Ngoko ke, umkhili kufuneka akhulise i-torque encinane kunomthwalo oquka, kodwa kufuneka usebenze ngospeed ophezulu.

Qhathanisa umzekelo osebenzisa i-100 Nm kwi-output yegearbox. Ukuba igearbox inesilinganiso sesiphumo sokubeka kwi-5 ku-1 kunye nefficiency yayo ngu-90%, umkhili kufuneka akhulise i-22.2 Nm ngokusebenza ngokuphakade.

Kodwa le vumela ayikwazi ukufaka i-torque eyongeleyo efunekayo ukuzisa.

Xa kufuneka ukwakha i-specifications, qiniseka ukuba i-torque nee-speed values ziyisemva kwi-shaft yomotor okanye kwi-equipment esichaswa. Faka kwakhona i-gearbox ratio kunye ne-transmission efficiency.

Kwi-direct-drive systems, umotor kufuneka uphinde i-load torque efunekayo ngaphandle kwe-gearbox multiplication.

Faka i-Required Operating Profile

I-operating profile yomotor iyachaza into ekhoyo ngexesha le-normal working cycle.

I-Information efunekayo	Into ofayiyo ukufaka
Uhlobo lwe-load	Constant, changing, okanye repeated load
I-torque enormal	I-torque efunekayo ngexesha le-regular operation
Umzimba wokuxhaswa	Ukuphakama okuncinane kunye nezimini zokudlula
Isilimela sentsha	I-RPM encinane, enormali, kunye nokukhulu
Izimo zokugqibela	Ukuphakama kokugqibela kunye nesikhathi sokuphakama
Isikrili sokusebenza	Isikhathi sokusebenza, isikhathi sokuvumela, kunye nezinyathelo zokugqibela ngamahora
Ukusetyenziswa	Ukuhlanganiswa ngqo okanye ukulinganiswa kwe-gearbox
Umzinyathi	Isithempu, ukuchitha, kunye nezimo zokufakwa

Kwizixhobo ezipheleleyo, i-nameplates zemotolo, amarekordi okusebenza, kunye nedatha yokuphakama eyafunyanwa zinokunika ulwazi olunamandla.

Kusetyhileyo isiqhelo esitsha, sebenzisa imithambo yokuqala yokubhala isiqhelo kwaye ubonise ngokucacileyo izinto ezizimeleyo zokubhalwa.

Ukuba lezi zimo zibhalwe ngokucacileyo kakhulu, kunzima ukukhetha isiqhelo esifanelekileyo ngaphandle kokubhala ngokupheleleyo.

2. Ukufumana i-Torque esifunekayo yomkhosi

I-torque iyachaza umthelela wokuzingela omkhosi uyakwenza ukuze uye kwi-siqhelo okanye uye kwi-siqhelo. Kuyisemthwini sokuthi isiqhelo isebenza ngokugqibela, isebenza ngokuchula ngcinci, okanye isebenza ngokuguqula ngokusha ukubhala.

Ukubhala isiqhelo kufuneka kuhlanganise i-torque efunekayo ngokusebenza kwaye kuhlanganise i-torque eyafuneka ngokuxhaswa.

2.1 Bala i-Continuous Load Torque

I-continuous torque yiyimthelela yokuqina omkhosi uyakwenzela ngokusebenza kwaye ayikwazi ukuphumeza i-temperature ephumelelayo.

Kusetyhileyo ukukhetha, qala ngokufumana ukuba i-torque efinyelweyo yisigqibo esifuneka ngokusebenza kwaye kusetyhileyo.

Ukuba umotori osebenzayo uyathumela i-torque engama-25 Nm ngokusebenza kwi-load yakhe engeyona, oko kunikeza isiphumo esinamandla sokubegqina ukusuka kwi-motori entsha. Kodwa, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba umotori osebenzayo uyaphakamisa ngokupheleleyo kwaye imisebenzi yakhe iyafana nezinto ezintsha zokufaka.

Kwizinto eziphanda, i-torque yokusebenza ngokupheleleyo inokuthathwa kwi-calculations zemisebenzi yomthwalo okanye kwi-shaft power enziwe ngokujulile nokusuka kwispeed.

Indima eyinkulu kukuba umotori oyithabathile ayinokuthumela i-torque efunekayo ngokupheleleyo kwi-speed esifunekayo.

Ungayibhekisi ukuba i-torque enkulu yomotori eyatholakala kwi-advertisement iyisiphumo sakhe sokusebenza ngokupheleleyo.

2.2 Yenza ubungakanani kwi-torque yokuvula nokukhanya

Ukuvula nokukhanya kungenza ukuba kufunekwe i-torque enkulu kunokusebenza okunjalo.

Umotori kufuneka akhulule umthwalo wasebenzayo wakhe kodwa futhi akhulule izinto zokuzama ukuzama. Izinto zokusebenza ezenziwe ngamaparts amaninzi okuzama okanye amaxesha amancinci okuzama kungenza ukuba kufunekwe i-torque enkulu kakhulu.

Umzekelo, imashini enye eyakha 20 i-sekhondi ukufika kumxholo wokusebenza kungabangela ukuba inqanawa yokuqala iyisibonelo esihlukileyo kwi-motor kunye nomzimba othile weyakha ngamasekhondi amathathu.

Le ndlela yohlukana iyinombolo yokugqibela kwemotor kunye nezinto eziqalayo. Ukugqibela kukuthi indlela okunyanisekileyo ezinto zokuziphatha ziyahlukana kumxholo.

Xa uyispecify i-motor, unikele umlinganiso wokuphela kwezinqanawa, isikhathi sokuzakala, kunye nemininingwane mayelana nezinto eziqalayo ezinkulu.

Ukuba le mininingwane ayizange ibe yintoni, uqaphele ukuthi kufuneka kwenziwe umlando wokuzakala kwindlela yokuzakala, akukho mbono yokuthi umxholo wokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo uyisifaniso sokunyanisekileyo.

2.3 Qhathanisa umxholo wokusebenza ngokuphela nokuxhaswa kwe-mxholo

Umzimba wokusebenza ngokuphela kunye nomxholo wokuxhaswa wasebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo.

Umbiko	Umzimba wokusebenza ngokuphela	Umzimba wokuxhaswa
Uphawu	Ukusebenza ngokuphela	Ukuphela kwezinqanawa okanye ukubhekisa kwezinye izinto
Isikhatsi	Iyahlula ngokupheleleyo ngemilinganiselo ethile	Isikhathi esincinci
Ukuziphatha kakhulu	Ukuphakama kwesikhathi eside sokuchitha	Umthwalo wokugcina okupheleleyo nokuxhaswa kwezikhathi zokugcina
Ukujonga ukukhethwa	Kufikwe imilinganiselo yomthwalo oqhubekayo	Kufikwe imilinganiselo yomthwalo othile ngokukhawuleza

Nokuba umsebenzi uyayicela isibini se-30 Nm kodwa ngamanye amaxesha uyadinga isibini se-50 Nm ngamasekhondi amancinci.

Umdaluli kufuneka uqinisekise umthwalo wokucela ngokupheleleyo kwaye ufake isibini sokugcina se-50 Nm ngaphandle kokuphumeza emilinganiseleni yokusebenza eziqinisekisiweyo.

Umoto wezibalo zokuphakama ngamandla angakwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo. Kufuneka ujonge ukuba kuyakwenzeka njani kude ukuba kubhekiselelelele kulo mlando okuphakama kwaye ukuba umqondiso unokuthumela amandla angafunekayo.

Indlela yokuqiniseka yomlando yokuqiniseka yomlando wokuphakama kwaye umlando wokuphakama kuyinto eya kusetyenziswa kwiintsingiselo ezinkulu zokuphakama. Kufuneka kubonakaliswe konke kwiintsingiselo zokusebenza eziyafunekayo.

3. Ukuchaza umlando wokusebenza komoto kunye nendawo yokusebenza

Umlando wokusebenza komoto ubhalwa ngokuvamileyo ngamandla okukhanya kwimizuzwana, okanye RPM. Ubiza inani lezinyathelo zokugqibela zokugqibela kwiqanda kwiqanda elinye.

Ukuba kufuneka kubhekiswe kwiintsingiselo zokusebenza, abasebenzi baya kuchaza indawo yokuqiniseka yomlando wokusebenza ngokupheleleyo kungekho kuphela umlando wokusebenza wokuvamileyo.

3.1 Chaza umlando wokuchazwa, umlando wokugcina kunye nomlando wokuphakama

Izivale zomlando ezintathu ziyasetyenziswa kakhulu xa kuchazwa umoto.

Umlando wokuchazwa yindlela yokuqiniseka yomlando wokusebenza wokuchazwa ngabasebenzi. Umlando wokusebenza wokuvamileyo yindlela yokuqiniseka yomlando wokusebenza wokuvamileyo womntu wokusebenza.

Izispeed zemini nemaksimumu zibonisa umkhawulo wokugqiba okufuneka kuzikwenzela lezi zixhobo.

Umxholo, umzekelo, unokusebenza ngokuzinzileya kwi-1500 RPM kodwa kunokufuneka ukusebenza phakathi kwe-500 ne-2500 RPM ngamaxesha amaninzi.

Umoto owadibukwa ngokupheleleyo kwi-1500 RPM ayisebenzi ngokuzenzekelayo kumkhawulo wokugqiba.

Ukukhetha kufuneka kubonise ukuba umoto unokusebenza kumkhawulo wokusebenza okufuneka ngaphandle kokuproduceka kwento yokuqinisekisa i-torque kwenye indawo yokusebenza ebalulekileyo.

3.2 Yenza inkcazo yokufuneka kwe-torque ngaphakathi kwe-speed range

I-torque esiphumayo kumoto inokutshintsha njengoko ispeed iyongeza.

Iindlela ezithile zomoto wemagneti engeyona nje ne-drive zinokuhlanganisa i-torque efanayo ngaphakathi kwe-speed range eyalwe. Kwispeed eziningi, i-voltage nezinto zokuphatha zinokuthintela i-torque esiphumayo.

Oku kubonisa ukuba umoto unokufikelela kwi-RPM emaksimumu okufuneka kodwa akakwazi ukunika i-torque yokulayisha okufuneka kusispeed esithile.

Indlela enzima kakhulu yokuyenza le nkcazo kukujonga i-torque-speed curve yomthengisi.

Le chart le bonisa ukuba yintoni imithambo yokubhala kwaye imithambo yokugcina eya kusuka kumotori kuzo zonke iispeed.

Qhathanisa iziphakamiso zokusebenza zokunyelela kwaye zokuphelela zokusebenza zokufaka kwisicelo sakho ngechart. Ukuba ipoyinti ephakamileyo iphakathi kwesibalo esingahayi, kufuneka uqwalasele indlela yokusebenza yomotori okanye yomthwalo.

3.3 Qhathanisa ukusebenza phantsi kweespeed kwaye ukuchitha

Ukusebenza phantsi kweespeed kufuneka kubhekwe ngokukhawuleza xa isicelo sakho sifuna umthambo omkhulu kwiintsuku eziningi.

Izimoto ezipheleleyo ziyasebenzisa iifan eziqhelekileyo kwiishafu zokuchitha. Xa ispeed yomotori ishushu, iifan mayizimisele amanzi angapheleki, okungabikho ukuchitha kwezinto ezinomthambo.

Ngoko ke, umotori osebenzisa ngokupheleleyo ngumthambo wakhe ophakathi kweespeed akazange achithe umthambo wakhe ngokupheleleyo xa usetyenziswa phantsi kweespeed.

Izimoto ezenzela iifan ezingaphandle kwezinye okanye ukuchitha ngamanzi kunezinye iinkhondo zokusebenza.

Ukuba isicelo sakho sisebenza phantsi kweespeed ngokupheleleyo ngokupheleleyo, ubiza umniki wokuthenga ukuba aqinisekise umthambo wokusebenza ngokupheleleyo ngokupheleleyo kule ndlela.

Ungakukhetha indlela yokuchitha kuphela ngokusebenzisa amandla emotori. Kufuneka uqwalaselwe isihloko sesikhathi sokusebenza, ubude bokusebenza kwiqhezu, imizimbi yomoya, nokwakha kwemotori.

4. Indlela Yokubala Amadla Weemotori Ukusuka Kwemithambo Neengcambu

Amadla weemotori ayachaza ukuba yintoni inkqubo yamandla okusebenza eyathathwa ngemotori ngexesha. Iyaphendula kwiimithambo neengcambu.

Ukubala amandla kusiza ukugqibela ubungakanani bomdala wemotori, kodwa akasivumeli ukubuyela kumithambo kunye nokubalwa kwezikhathi zokusebenza.

4.1 Sebenzisa Ukubala Okupheleleyo Kwemithambo, Neengcambu Kunye Neemandla

Xa kuzekho iimithambo kunye neengcambu, amandla okusebenza kwenqanawa engafunyanwa ngokusebenzisa umlinganiselo omnye.

Amandla (kW) = Imithambo (Nm) × Ingcambu (RPM) ÷ 9550

Umzekelo, ukuba imotori inefuna ukuthumela i-20 Nm kwi-1500 RPM, ukubala kuya kuba

20 × 1500 ÷ 9550 = ngaphezulu kwe-3.14 kW.

Oku kuchaza amandla okusebenza ofunekayo kule ndawo yokusebenza.

Kodwa, umotori oqukethekileyo ngokwe-3.14 kW ayikho konke ukwahluka. Ufuna kwaye ukubona iindlela zokugqibela kwinkqubo yokuqala, ukusebenza ngokuphambili, nokuthintana nezimfuno zokusebenza zomthwalo wokwenza.

Sebenzisa isiphumo sokufumana indima yamatora amaninzi okukhetha, akukho ukugqibela ukwahluka.

4.2 Qwalasela i-Shaft Output Power kunye ne-Electrical Input Power

Amakatalogu amatora ayichaza ngokujwayelekileyo i-mechanical output power ephambili, ngoko ke isistimu yeelektriko kufuneka isindele i-input power ekhoyo ukubonisa i-motor losses.

Umzekelo, ukuba umotori uyathumela i-shaft power ye-3.14 kW ngokuchazwa kwe-efficiency ye-94%, i-electrical input yakhe iyakuba ngapakathi kwesi-3.34 kW.

I-value yeefficiency esi simzekelo siyachaza kuphela, akuyi rating yomotori omnye.

I-efficiency engeziweyo iyaphendula kwi-design yomotori, ispeed, umthwalo, kunye nezimo zokusebenza. I-drive iba yasemva kwezinye i-electrical losses.

Xa kubhekwa iindlela zokunika umoya, sebenzisa iimpawu zomkhosi nomthwalo wokusebenza ngokungafani noko kuthiwa ukuba umkhosi wokuphuma kwi-shaft uyafanana nomkhosi wokufika.

4.3 Kutheni Umkhosi Ongafanani Ngokwezinye Iziphumo Zokusebenza

Iimotor ezimbini ezenziwe ngokufanayo kuzo iipower zokuratha zinakwenza iitorque enye ngokukhathalelayo ngoba zisebenza kwiispeed zokuratha ezihlukahlukene.

Umzekelo, umkhosi wokuratha we-5 kW othiwa ukuba unokusebenza kwi-1500 RPM unakwenza iitorque engama-31.8 Nm kwi-point yakhe yokusebenza.

Umsebenzi wokuratha we-5 kW wesibini othiwa ukuba unokusebenza kwi-3000 RPM unakwenza iitorque engama-15.9 Nm kwi-point yakhe yokusebenza.

Zonke zibe nenkqubo yokuqala yezipower, kodwa iitorque zokuratha zabo zihlukahlukene kakhulu.

Kwizixhobo ezidinga iitorque enkulu kumsebenzi omncinci, umkhosi wokuqala unokuba ubalulekile kakhulu, ukuba iimpawu zayo zokusebenza zifanana nezinto ezidinga umsebenzi.

Oku kubonisa kutheni ukhethwa komkhosi kufuneka kubhekwe iitorque, ispeed, kunye nesixa sokusebenza ngokujikeleze , kungekho kuphela ukusebenzisa i-kW.

5. Ukusebenza kwe-Duty Cycle kubangaphi ukukhetha ukubhala kwemotolo yezimithombo zokugcina?

Ukusebenza kwe-duty cycle kuchaza indlela okusenziwa ngayo umotolo ngexesha, kubandakanya intloko yokusebenza, ubuninzi bokulawula, kunye nokuphuma okanye ukungasebenzi.

Kuyinto ebalulekileyo ngoba amotolo ayagqiba isikhalo xa ayasebenza. Nangona umotolo unako ukuthabatha i-torque esidingekayo, kufuneka uhlale emadlinganisweni okuhle wezimithombo zokugcina ngexesha lonke lokusebenza.

5.1 Vumani i-S1, i-S2, i-S3 kunye neendlela zokusebenza ezinye eziphambili

Amotolo emvelo ayinokwenzela ukubhala kwezindlela zokusebenza ngokwesi-IEC 60034-1, oko kuchazela ukubhala kunye nokuthabatha iziphumo zomthwalo wamathuba okusebenza amathuba okusebenza.

Iindlela zokusebenza eziphambili kubhala kwiqembu elizange lichazwa phezulu.

Indlela Yokusebenza	Ukuchaza	Isimo sokukhetha esiqhelekileyo
S1	Ukusebenza kwaye kuzimeleyo ngokubhala kwezimithombo zokugcina	Izinto zokusebenza zizisebenza ngexesha elide
S2	Ukusebenza okuphakade kwaye emva koko ukuvutha okupheleleyo	Izinto zokusebenza zizisebenza ngexesha elincinci ngaphambi kokuchithwa
S3	Ukusebenza okuphinda-phinda kwaye ukuvutha, nokuba iindlela zokuguqula zinokuba zingasetyenziswa kumthembiso wokuchitha	Izinto zokusebenza ezisemgangathweni nezisebenza ngokuphinda-phinda

Umzekelo, umotori osebenza ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lonke leshishini yokuprodukisa kususelwa ngokubhekiselela kumthembiso wokusebenza ngokupheleleyo.

Umotori osebenza ngamaminithi amaninzi kwaye emva koko uvutha unokufuna umthembiso wesibini, ngokwezimo zokuchitha zokwenzeka.

Ukuba ukuguqula okuphumelelayo kuyenza umthembiso wokuchitha womotori, kufuneka ukusebenza kwi-S4 okanye kwezinye izikhundla zokusebenza ezipheleleyo.

Iziganeko ezithile ziboniswa kwindawo ephakathi yezincwadi zokusebenza zika SEW-EURODRIVE .

Ukuchazwa okupheleleyo kwezinto zokusebenza kufuneka kubhekwe ngendlela yokusebenza yomkhosi, akukho nje ukuba umkhosi uya kusebenza ngokuphambili okanye ngokuphindaphinda.

5.2 Qwalasela Iinkcukacha Zokuguqula Kwamaxesha Amathathu

Izinto ezininzi zisebenza ngokuphambili kodwa ziyagqitha izinguquko eziningi zokugqitha kwamaxesha.

Umzekelo, umkhosi ungasemsebenza ngokugqitha kwiqala elingakanani ngalunye lweeminithi, emva koko uyagqitha ngokugqitha kakhulu ngamasekondi amaninzi.

Nangona ukugqitha okukhulu kusuka kumnye umyalelo, kuyenza ukuthi kuzekwe ukuchitha okungafanelekanga okufuneka kubhekwe.

Abadokoloni bayingasetyenzisa ubuchazwa be-torque esebenza ngokuphambili, obizwa ngokujwayelekileyo ngokuba yi-RMS torque, ukusiza ukuvavanya le nto yokugqitha ngokuphindaphinda.

Ngamazwi amacandelo, le ntando ibonisa i-torque esebenza ngokuphambili eyayikufaneleka, eyayikwenza ukuchitha okufanayo okubhekwe ngokuchitha kwezinto zokusebenza ngokuphambili ngokuchaza izinto ezifanelekileyo.

Akukho kuthetha okukhulu okufuneka ukwenza ukuqwalasela kwisibalo sokugqibela sokubhala isibonelo sesiye. Kodwa, bhalisa ubunzima bokusebenza ngexesha lonke elisebenzayo kwaye ixesha elilwendwe kulo ubunzima.

Umzekelo, wabalela 20 Nm ngexesha le-58 seconds emva koko 35 Nm ngexesha le-2 seconds, kwaye liqhubekile ngokuphinda-phinda.

Umbhalali wakho unokuhlola ubunzima bokusebenza ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokuchitha kwe-motor yokuqala.

5.3 Yenza inkcazelo yokuxhaswa kwe-overload kunye nezimithambo zokuchitha

Nangona ubunzima bokusebenza obubanzi bungabonakala njengoko buhle, izixesha ezincinci zokunzima okukhulu kungenza ukuba kufike kumthwalo wemotor okanye wendawo yokusebenza.

Imotor enokuthenga 50 Nm ngexesha le-2 seconds ayikwazi ukugcina ubunzima lo nto ngexesha le-30 seconds.

Kwakhona, ukuxhaswa kwe-overload okuphinda-phinda kungenza ukuba kusakhe isikhumba uma imotor ayikho nesixa esifanayo okanye inqanawa yokuchitha ukusakha isikhumba.

Xa uyahlola imotor enokubakho, qiniseka ubunzima obukhulu bokuxhaswa, ixesha elivuliweyo lokuxhaswa, umkhosi wokuphinda-phinda, kunye nezimo zokuchitha.

Ukukhetha okugcwele okanye okubalulekileyo kwezikhathi zokusebenza ngokuphindaphinda, ukukhetha okugcwele kungabangela ukufuna ukucinga kwemithombo yokuqala ngokuchasene nokuchasene nokugcina kwezinto ezinokuthi zihlale zisobala.

6. Ukujonga ukuba imotara iyasebenza ngokulinganayo nesibalo sokusebenza esifunekayo

Ngokwakho ukuba kuziqondwa i-torque, ispeed, i-power, kunye nezinkinga zokusebenza, umsebenzi wokulandela kukuba ujonge ukuba imotara eyithile iyasebenza ngokulinganayo nazo.

Le ndlela iyakwenza ukulinganisa ngokujwayelekileyo kusuka kumsebenzi wokukhetha iprodukthi yokusebenza.

6.1 Khangelani isibalo sokusebenza nesicelo kunye ne-curve yomsebenzi wemotara

Qala ngokufumana ulwazi lwemisebenzi yomsebenzi wemotara oyikhethekileyo.

Jonga ukuba imotara ina-continuous torque enobunzulu kwindawo yokusebenza yomthombo ngokuzimisayo.

Emva koko, jonga ukuba ina-torque enobunzulu kwindawo enincinci kunye neyinkulu yokusebenza efunekayo.

Ekugcineni, jonga ukuba imotara iyasebenza ngokulinganayo nezilwanyana zokusebenza ezinokubakho kwindawo ezinokubakho kuzo.

Umzekelo, imotara inokunika i-continuous torque enobunzulu kwi-1500 RPM kodwa ayinakunika i-torque enobunzulu kwi-2500 RPM.

Kweli kolu hlobo lwezinto, ukukhetha umotara kuphela ngokusebenzisa i-power yakhe ephathelene nokuqondwa kuzo kuzoba yindlela yokubuyela emva kwezidingo zokusebenza ezibalulekileyo.

Izixhobo ezifana ne-ABB DriveSize zibonisa indlela okungakho ukukhetha umotara kunye ne-drive ukusetyenziswa kwezihlobo zezilweli zokusebenza kunye neziqu zokusebenza.

6.2 Yenza ukubona i-Power Supply, i-Starting Method kunye ne-Drive Compatibility

Amotara asebenzisa i-permanent magnet aqinisekile ukusebenza ngokusebenzisa i-supply yamandla nezindlela zokuphatha ezifanelekileyo.

Amakhulu amanji asebenzisa i-variable-speed PMSMs asebenzisa i-electronic drive ukuphatha ispeed yamotara kunye ne-torque. Kodwa, amanye amotara avela kwi-line-start asebenzisa izindlela zokuvula ezahlukeneyo.

Ngoko ke, kufuneka uqinisekise indlela yokuvula eyidingekayo yomotara wendawo.

Xa uyakhetha i-variable-speed PMSM, qinisekisa i-voltage yamandla, i-type yomotara oqinisekileyo, i-current yangoku, i-peak current, kunye nezifunction zokuphatha ispeed ezidingekayo.

Umgxilili ungalinika ubungakanani be-torque obubanzi kodwa ungalinika ukusebenza ngokungafanelekanga ukuba umgxilili owakhethiweyo awunakukhupha i-voltage okanye i-current ezingaprofayo.

Kufuneka kubonakaliswe umgxilili kunye nomgxilili phambi kokugqibela kwenziwa imvume.

6.3 Qiniseka ukulahlekelwa, ukufunyanwa nokuthi yiziphi iintlungo zokusebenza

Izimo zokugqibela kunye nezimo zokusebenza zinokuthatha isiphumo kuthi na umgxilili uyasebenza ngokufanelekileyo.

Izithembiso zokusebenza ezide, ukungakwazi kokuqhuba kwindawo, kunye nezindawo zokufunyanwa eziphakathi kuzokuthatha isiphumo kumsebenzi wokugqibela.

Izikhala zokufunyanwa, ububanzi be-shaft, iinkqubo zokuxhuma kwezinto, kunye nokulahlekelwa kwemvelo kufuneka zihambanane nezinto zokusebenza.

Kwiimithambo apho kufuneka kusetyenziswe ukulahlekelwa kwezinto zokusebenza, abaprodukisi banokutha iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokulahlekelwa, kubandakanya iimotori zokulahlekelwa ngamanzi zokubeka izinto zokusebenza .

Kodwa ukulahlekelwa kuphela akakuvumela ukuba kubhekwe njengoko kuyasebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ukwahlula okugqibela kufuneka kubasekwe kumsebenzi wokulinganiswa we-motor kunye nezinkinga zokufunyanwa.

7. Umzekelo Osebenzayo We-Conveyor Engenakho Ukulawula

Umzekelo oqhelekileyo ubonisa indlela okufuneka kuzikwazi ngayo iziqhelo zesilinganiso esisiseko.

Ukusebenza kwezinye iinkqubo kungasebenziswe ngokufanayo ngokubuyela imizekelo emithandayo ngamathuba amaninzi asebenzayo.

7.1 Qwalasela Iziphumo Zokusebenza

Sizibonise isibonelo se-conveyor esihlukaniswe ngu-motor yomthwalo wokugcina.

Le conveyor isebenza ngumkhondo we-1450 RPM kwaye ngokuvamile inceda 20 Nm yemithwalo yomotor.

Ngamnye amaminithi e-60, umthwalo uguquka ku-35 Nm ngamasekondi e-2 kabefore ukubuyela ku-20 Nm kuminye amasekondi e-58.

Kule mizekelo, iivalyoo ziselwano ziyabonakala kwi-shaft yomotor. Ukongezwa kwesibhakabhaka, ukuphuma nokuthintela, kunye nezindlela zokuthintela ezinye zisuswe.

7.2 Bala Umphiko Futhi Uhlalele Indlela Yokusebenza

Ngokusebenzisa ubukhulu bokubala umphiko, umphiko wokusebenza wokuvamile uyisilinganiso se-3.04 kW.

Ngokugcina kwezikhathi ezimbalwa zokuloada ngokuthelekisa ne-35 Nm, i-power yamandla ayagqibela kwi-5.31 kW ngokufanayo kwindawo.

Oku akubhekise kuthi le ndlela yokusebenza kufuneka inomotori ene-rating yangoku yokuqhuba ngokuphakade ye-5.31 kW.

Kodwa ke, le motori kufuneka ibe nemisebenzi yokuqhuba ngokuphakade eyaneleyo kumsebenzi wokuphinda-phinda kwaye ibe nenqanawa yezikhathi ezimbalwa yokuloada ngokuthelekisa nezintlanu zemizuzu.

I-rating yangoku yokuqhuba ngokuphakade iphendula kwi-heating yomfanekiso wokubhala kwamandla, isilumkiso sokuchitha amandla, kunye nezinye izinto ezingenakho ukuzihlukanisa.

7.3 Fumana izicheck zokukhetha ezingapheliyo

Kabefore ukuvumela umotori kule mzekelo, qiniseka ukuba unokusiza kumsebenzi wokuphinda-phinda ngokuloada kwi-1450 RPM.

Umfundisi wokuprodukha kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba i-35 Nm iyatholakala ngokuthelekisa nezintlanu zemizuzu kumkhankatha wokuphinda-phinda okuchazwe.

Ukuba le conveyor iqala ngokuloada noma iqala ngokukhawuleza, lezi zimo kufuneka zifakwe kwi-zizing requirements.

Isifundo esibalaseleyo kukuba i-normal power, i-peak power, kunye ne-time yokusebenza zibizwa ngamapart eziyisibini yomsebenzi wokukhetha.

Umoto wokulinganisa kufuneka uqukethe konke okuqulathwe.

8. Imisindleko emininzi yokubala umoto wokugcina imikhosi

Amanani amaningi okubala ayinakwenzeka ukuba sibhekele isiphumo sokusebenza ngokupheleleyo, akukho ukubheka indikimende eyodwa.

Imisindleko miyane imithathu inomthandazo omkhulu.

8.1 Ukukhetha umoto ngenxa yekhuluma ye-kW

Umkhondo wokulinganisa awusizi ukuthini umkhosi owenziweyo unokuthumela ngexesha lonke lokusebenza.

Umoto onemkhondo engeyona okufanelekileyo kungaba yinto engafanelekileyo ukusebenza kwindawo ephakade yokusebenza phantsi kokusebenza okupheleleyo okanye ukusebenza kwezinye zezinto ezinkulu.

Kabefore ukubhala iimpahla zomoto okanye ubude bakhe, qiniseka ukuba umkhosi odingekayo unokufumana kwiindawo zokusebenza zomxholo.

8.2 Ukungabhekanga iindlela zokusebenza okanye ukusebenzisa umkhosi wokusebenza njengoko kuyasebenzisa ngokupheleleyo

Umkhosi wokusebenza okuthe ngokusha awufanelekileyo ukuba waziwa njengoko kuyasebenzisa ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuba i-injini iyasebenza ngokupheleleyo ngezinto ezinokuthi ziyaphakamisa kakhulu, izwele kakhulu, okanye ibonakala ngokuphakamisa kwezinye izikhathi, lezi zimo kufuneka zifakwe kwi-specification.

Ngokungafani, injini ingayibonakalisa ukuchitha kakhulu, ukuzimela ngokulawula, okanye ukuzwele kungafanelekile.

Jonga i-torque yezinto eziphakamileyo nezintlobo zezinto eziphakamileyo, futhi uqwalaselise zimo zokusebenza zazo.

8.3 Ukusebenzisa isifundo sokubagcina esingasemthethweni endaweni yokujonga indlela yokusebenza

Ukukhetha injini enkulu kakhulu kunalo okubhekiswe kuyo kungabonakala njengokubagcina, kodwa ukukhetha injini enkulu kakhulu ayikho njengendlela eyamkelekileyo yonke.

Injini enkulu kakhulu ingakwazi ukongeza imali, ubude, nokuthi kuyizwele kakhulu ngaphandle kokusolveza izinkinga zokuxhumana ne-drive, ukuchitha, okanye ubude bokusebenza.

Endaweni yokudibanisa isilinganiso sesilinganiso kwi-rating yamandla, kuqala uvavanyiswe zimo zokusebenza ozizange uzazi.

Kwizimo ezingahlukeni, ungenele isilinganiso esihlukeni ekubeni kufuneka sibekele kubuhle bokusebenza, ubugcino bokulinganisa, amazwi asekhaya, nokubuhle bokusebenza okubhekiswe kuyo.

9. Umlinganiso wokubala umkhondo wokugcina i-Magnet wezibalo phambi kokuthumela isicelo sokufumana isicelo

Isinye sakugcina kukuba uguqula imiphumela yakho nokufuna ukusebenza kwi-technical specification efanayo ekhoyo ukuzivakalisa ngumkhondo wokugcina.

Ukusebenzisa ispecification esihle kunceda ukuncamisa ukuzivakalisa okungafanelekanga kwaye kunceda ukubhekiseka kwemikhondo etholwe ngokufanayo kwezindlela zokusebenza.

9.1 Guqula i-Motor Sizing Specification Sheet

Phambi kokuthumela isicelo sokufunda ngokwesayensi, qiniseka ukuba ulwazi olulandelayo lushephe.

Uhlobo lwesixhobo kunye nemithombo yomthwalo wokuchitha

Umthwalo wokusebenza wokuvula ngokupheleleyo kwi-Nm

Umthwalo ophakathi kakhulu okufunekayo kunye nesixa sakhe sokusebenza

Isixhobo sokuqala, sokuvula, kunye nokupheleleyo sokusebenza kwi-RPM

Ukulinganiswa kwezixhobo zokusebenza zokuchitha kwi-kW

Izimo ezizayo kwaye ixesha lokuphanda

Isikhathi sokusebenza, isikhathi sokuvumela, kunye nezinyathelo zokugqibela ngamahora

Umgama wemisolo yomgqamiso kwaye umxholo wokuthumela, ukuba kuyafanele

Ukufumaneka kwemvelo yokusebenza kwaye umxholo wokusebenza owathandekayo

Imimangaliso yokuchitha kwaye utempiletha lwemisebenzi yomoya

Izikhala zokugcina komoto kwaye iziphumo zokugcina

Ukuba azinzi zonke iivalyuu aziyaziwa ngoku, qinisekisa zonke eziyaziwe kwaye zonke eziyisahluko sokuqala.

Oku kusiza umniki wokubhekisa kwiimpawu ezingazange zifunyanwe, oko kungakwazi ukuthintela ukhetho.

9.2 Qinisekisa isiphekelo sokugqibela ngeMniki wemoto

Emva kokwenza iisiphekelo, ubiza umniki ukubhekisisa imithetho yakho neendata zokusebenza zemoto ngokwempilo.

Ukubhekisisa kufuneka kubonise ukusebenza okuphakathi, ukusebenza okupheleleyo, irhange yezixhobo, ubukhulu bekusebenza, ukuxhaswa kwe-drive, nokuchitha.

Kwizinto zokusebenza eziphambili, uqinisekise imithambo yokuqonda okanye ukuziqonda xa kufanelekile.

Ukuba uyavakashela imotolo ye-AC kwiqembu elisha lokusebenza okanye kwiqembu esele lisebenzile, unako ukuthumela imithambo yakho yokusebenza kuHiest ukuba kwenziwe ukuziqonda kwi-projekthi ngokupheleleyo.

Ukugcina kwe-motor yezinkqubo zokubeka izinkqubo zokubeka kwe-magnet ezilungileyo kusuka kwezinto zokusebenza zokusebenza, akukho kubeka kwisilinganiso sokuphakama kwezinkqubo zokusebenza. Ngokuchaza i-torque, ispeed, i-power, kunye ne-duty cycle njengezinye, abasebenzi bakhona ukubonisa izinkqubo zemotolo eziphambili, ukuvikela iziphulo zokubeka ezikhoyo, nokuphumelela ngokucacileyo kwezinkqubo zokusebenza.